throw: verb.
example: Some major league pitchers throw the ball at speeds exceeding 90 miles per hour.

threw: verb; past tense of throw.
example: I threw the ball to the first baseman.

Through and threw are homophones, or words that sound the same but are spelled differently. Sale and sail, weigh and way are other pairs of homophones.

He, she, we, they, you, it, and I are pronouns. They take the place of a noun in a sentence. After you write somebody’s name, you can use pronouns to avoid repetition in the following sentences that apply to that same person or thing.

His, her, ours, theirs, yours, its, and my are possessive pronouns, meaning something belongs to he, she, we, they, you, it, or I.

Him, her, us, them , and me are used as objects, meaning they receive an action, as in: Tom threw the football to him.

Who, What, and Which are also pronouns used in questions. (You don’t know the name of the noun.)

Here’s a old video to help you out:

Example: (subject is in bold, predicate is in italics)
Mr. Vega painted that house.

Some examples first:
The bear is big.
The elephant is bigger than the bear.

Take a look at the School House Rock video below.

Here’s how they differ:

Effect is used as a noun (or thing), usually an event (or outcome) of another event, the cause. That’s why cause and effect go together. The cause “causes” the effect.

Example: Fluctuating weather is an effect of global warming. (Global warming = cause; Fluctuating weather = effect or outcome)

Affect is an action word, or verb. Remember A is for action. Let’s use the example above and use the word affect as an action.

Global warming affects the weather.
Here’s another:
I am easily affected by the weather; if it’s cloudy, so is my mood.

Take a look:

Schoolhouse Rock: A Noun is a Person, Place or Thing

army
committee
corporation
department
faculty
family
group
herd
jury
majority
minority
team

Each collective noun above is one thing and works as one unit, even though it is made up of more than one person or thing. You can’t have a committee, team, or family of one; you need at least two of something to compose the unit.

Consequently, all these collective nouns are singular and require a singular verb and pronoun. (Note: Singular action verbs often end with the letter ‘s’ but should not be confused for the ‘s’ that makes a noun plural.)

Examples:

The committee meets once a month to discuss its projects.
The family likes to eat pizza and ice cream on Friday nights.
Our team is the best in the county.
My class goes on a field trip every other month.